Vaccine Hesitancy in China Lingers Even as COVID Cases Surge

In September, an article by a publication under the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) acknowledged coverage of older adults was poor, and that the absence of local doctors in vaccine drives, poor medical understanding and a lack of insurance for potential side effects all dampened enthusiasm.

“It’s a very special case in China because people felt very safe for a long time,” said Stephanie Jean-Tsang, an assistant professor at Hong Kong Baptist University who specialises in messaging around health.

“People need to realise what the risks are and how beneficial the vaccines are – it took time for Hong Kong citizens and the elderly to realise this as well.”

Authorities have not made vaccination mandatory amid signs that the public would push back against any such move. Last week China said it would start to offer a second booster – or fourth shot – for high-risk groups and people over 60 years old.

Overseas-developed vaccines are unavailable in China to the general public, which has relied on inactivated shots by Sinopharm, Sinovac’s Coronavac and other domestically developed options for its vaccine rollout and which the medical community has found to be safe. It has also yet to introduce its own version of an mRNA vaccine.

While China’s medical community in general does not doubt the safety of China’s vaccines, questions remain over their efficacy compared to foreign-made mRNA counterparts, said Kelly Lei, a doctor in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen.

In late November, the hashtag ‘Sinovac vaccine counterfeit’ surged to five million views on the Twitter-like Weibo platform, with many posts discussing lumps and hair loss allegedly caused by the locally made vaccine.

“At least a half of doctors and educated people wanted to get the mRNA ones and refused to get the Chinese ones,” Lei said.

“After a while, people see no hope and also they are kind of forced to get the Chinese ones, so they had to accept it. Some doctors talked to me, and said it’s useless anyway, why waste the money.”

Lei said many of her friends are looking to visit the neighbouring Chinese territory of Macao, where mainlanders can receive mRNA vaccines.

Demand has surged in recent weeks, visitors to Macao say, with the online booking platform for vaccination showing no bookings available until Jan 21.

But after jettisoning some of the world’s toughest anti-COVID curbs last week, China is now experiencing a wave of infections across the country, prompting some unable to travel to Macao or abroad to opt for the Chinese vaccines in desperation.

“In Guangzhou … things have started to get wild. They at least want something for some protection,” Lei said.

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