Creating a Bodybuilding Diet
Ok, so you want to get huge?!
All you have to do is make it to the gym, crank out reps until you get a sick pump, head home and get on with the rest of your day, right? If bodybuilding were only that simple.
Nutrition plays a very large part of recovery, growth and general fitness and without it your body won’t put on any lean muscle mass.
So, if you want to be a true bodybuilder, you’re going to change your lifestyle and develop a muscle building meal plan.
Don’t worry, it’s not as hard as it sounds. We’ll give you the complete breakdown on how to determine your dietary needs to build a muscular physique.
Determining Calories for your Bodybuilding Diet
Bodybuilding diets are constantly changing due to the increase of your muscle mass as well as the changing difficulty in your workouts.
If you increase your muscle mass and/or the time you spend weight training, you have to eat more. If you lose muscle and/or if you lessen the intensity level of your training, you need to eat less.
So how do you know if you’re building or losing lean muscle mass?
You measure of course. There are two main means that would work very well. The first is the good ole scale that sits gathering dust in the corner of your bathroom. You should monitor your weight to see if your goal to build lean muscle is causing an increase in bodyweight.
If the scale shows that your weight is staying the same (or going down) then it’s time to look at your diet and make healthy changes to create a high calorie bodybuilding diet.
If your weight is increasing, is it muscle mass or fat mass? If your stomach is getting larger then you might be eating too much. You can expect to put on some bodyfat when trying to put build muscle (especially if you’re eating a high calorie diet), but you want to monitor to make sure that dreaded fat percentage isn’t increasing too much.
Another good tool to track your progress is a set of body fat calipers. Using calipers every two weeks will provide you an idea of exactly what is happening. If your lean body mass is going down, you might want to increase the amount of calories that you eat. On the contrary, if body fat is increasing, you might want to decrease your food consumption. Finding the sweet spot where you can gain muscle without fat is every bodybuilder’s dream.
All good gyms will have a set of calipers and as long as the same person does the measurements every time you should be able to get a true reading as to what exactly is happening. Once you have obtained the amount of total millimeters and your bodyweight, the chart that comes with the calipers will show what your bodyfat percentage is.
Now comes the clever bit. If you take your bodyweight in pounds and times it by the bodyfat percentage, then you will be able to figure out your total level of bodyfat. Then you subtract this number from the total bodyweight and that will give you a figure for your fat free mass. The figure is not all muscle (technically it includes internal organs, bones etc.) but we’ll use the figure as muscle for our calculations.
The two figures you have just worked out (total bodyfat and fat free mass) should be written down and kept. Then next time you have your measurements done you can compare the two and see if your bodyfat percentage has gone up.
You will find that if your food intake is right, then with proper amount of exercise, your fat free mass will go up and your total bodyfat will go down. But if you’re not eating enough, you will find that your fat free mass (muscle) is going down and your bodyfat goes up, which is definitely not what you want!
Bodyfat Calculations
Example of calculations of bodyfat, and fat free mass, using the weight as 200lb, and a bodyfat percentage of 21%.
| Bodyfat Calculations Example | |
|---|---|
| Bodyweight: | 200lbs |
| Bodyfat Percentage: | 21% |
| The calculations… | |
| Step1. Bodyweight x bodyfat percentage = lb bodyfat. (200 x 0.21 = 42 lb bodyfat) |
|
| Step2. Bodyweight – 42 = fat free mass (200 – 42 = 158) (This figure is the total amount of fat free mass). | |
| So now we know… | |
| Bodyweight: | 200lbs |
| Bodyfat Percentage: | 21% |
| Total Bodyfat: | 42lbs |
| Fat Free Mass: | 158lbs |
The next time you have the bodyfat percentage calculated, ideally you want to see that the level of fat free mass has gone up and the total bodyfat has stayed the same or has gone down. That is the ideal situation. But sometimes it doesn’t happen and the fat level increases and the fat free mass decreases.
The reason that the fat free mass decreases is that possibly you are losing muscle, because you don’t eat enough food for the amount of work/training you are doing.
Ok, I hear you saying, what if I train at home? Well in this situation we can use the old favorites, a set of scales and the mirror. You know, the one you use to admire yourself in!
The bathroom scales should show an increase in your bodyweight, if it’s not going up then you’re not eating enough. If the mirror is showing an increase of bodyfat around your midsection, then you are eating too much.
So how do we set up a bodybuilding meal plan with the right nutrition for ourselves? First, we need to know how many calories we should eat in a day, on top of the calories required for our body at rest we need to add into the diet calories we expend on daily activities and our training.
Use This Calculator to work out your calories per day. As a basic starting point, we use a ratio of protein, carbohydrates, and fats (PCF) of 30% protein, 50% carbohydrates and 20% fats. Remember that protein and carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram, fat contain (a high) 9 calories per gram.
An example: The calculator has given us a value of 2900 calories per day, so use the following calculation to find the PCF ratio:
- Protein: 30% of 2900 = 870 calories / 4 = 217.5g per day.
- Carbohydrates: 50% of 2900 = 1450 calories / 4 calories = 362.5g per day.
- Fat: 20% of 2900 = 580 calories / 9 = 64.4g per day.
So now you know exactly how much food you require per day. Now you will need to determine how many meals you’d like to eat during the day and find out how much food you require (approx) per meal.
You should be using frequent feedings to promote satiety, increase muscle protein synthesis from regular consumption of high protein meals1, and provide yourself with enough energy during the day.
As such you should divide the grams of food given above into as many meals per day as you can comfortably consume and digest, usually between 4-6 meals per day.
So to work the above amount of grams of food per day you use the following calculation:
- Total meals required per day 6. (Figures rounded off)
- Protein: 217.5g / 6 = 36g of protein per meal x 6
- Carbohydrates: 362.5g / 6 = 60g of carbohydrates per meal x 6
- Fat: 64.4g / 5* = 13g of fat per meal x 5*
* Note: In the after training meal you want the nutrients to be digested quickly and fat can delay the digestion of the meal, so fat is omitted in this meal only.
* Below are listings of the best foods for our nutrition plan, and for our recovery and growth from training. The amounts have been put as per ounce (28g) of each food for easier calculation.
* So to work out a meal you have to look at the lists given below and choose what foods you want to eat in a particular meal to give you the amounts required per meal.
Example: Evening meal.
(Requirements, good sources of: protein 36g, Carbohydrates 60g, Fat 13g)
| Food | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beef (sirloin grilled) 3oz | 27.9 | 0.0 | 8.4 |
| Brown rice (cooked)6oz | 4.2 | 38.4 | 1.2 |
| Carrot (2 large) | 2.0 | 14 | 1.2 |
| Cabbage (2oz) | 0.8 | 3.2 | 0.0 |
| Green beans (2oz) | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.0 |
| Totals: | 35.6 | 60 | 10.8 |
So you can see by the above meal that you are very close to the total amount that is required per meal, you can eat larger portions (for extra energy) for the main meals like breakfast, lunch and evening meal, and eat smaller meals for mid morning, mid afternoon, and supper time. Choose whichever you are more comfortable with for your own bodybuilding meal plan.
Also note that the example meal contains a balanced selection of healthy food groups including a lean meat, three different vegetable sources, and a good carb source to provide energy for the body.
Use the charts below to calculate your meals for your given calculations, you will find that after you have done it a couple of times how easy it is, and you will also get to know what portion size you require for that given amount of food.
Once you have your food sorted out, give the plan two weeks for the body to adapt to your new meal plan.
Adapt your diet accordingly by either adding or subtracting calories depending on the results you have noticed (gaining too fast, too slow, or noticing a significant increase in your weight and the level of body fat).
Best Foods For Muscle Building
Below is a list of the best bodybuilding foods and their macronutrient profiles, with the information below you can build a healthy bodybuilding diet based on your own particular goals, mass building, getting lean, or just basic maintenance of your diet.
Meat, Fish, and Poultry (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atlantic Salmon | 56.6 | 7.7 | nil | 2.4 |
| Bacon back (grilled) | 27.0 | 3.4 | nil | 1.2 |
| Beef (mince-lean) | 53.0 | 8.0 | nil | 2.1 |
| Beef (silverside) | 54.4 | 8.7 | nil | 1.8 |
| Beef (sirloin-grilled) | 64.0 | 9.3 | nil | 2.8 |
| Beef (topside) | 54.7 | 9.9 | nil | 1.5 |
| Catfish (fillet) | 46.6 | 8.0 | nil | 1.2 |
| Chicken (breast) | 49.7 | 9.6 | nil | 1.2 |
| Chicken (drumstick) | 23.6 | 3.7 | nil | 0.9 |
| Chicken (thigh) | 33.6 | 4.3 | nil | 4.3 |
| Cod | 32.6 | 7.1 | nil | 0.3 |
| Crab (Alaskan) | 30.1 | 5.9 | nil | 0.6 |
| Deli roast beef | 15.5 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Halibut | 43.5 | 8.4 | nil | 0.9 |
| Ham (sliced-lean) | 40.7 | 6.2 | 0.3 | 1.5 |
| Lamb (leg) | 63.7 | 8.2 | nil | 3.7 |
| Pork tenderloin | 51.0 | 8.7 | nil | 1.5 |
| Scallops | 27.3 | 5.2 | 0.9 | 0.3 |
| Shrimps | 30.8 | 6.5 | nil | nil |
| Tuna (bluefish-fresh) | 57.2 | 9.3 | nil | 1.8 |
| Tuna (canned-white) | 39.8 | 8.0 | nil | 0.9 |
| Turkey (breast) | 42.9 | 9.3 | nil | nil |
| Venison (tenderloin) | 46.3 | 9.3 | nil | 0.6 |
Dairy & Egg Products (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Egg (whole-1 large) | 74 | 6.0 | trace | 5.0 |
| Egg (substitute-50ml) | 53 | 8.0 | trace | 2.0 |
| Egg (white-1 large) | 18.0 | 4.0 | trace | trace |
| Low fat buttermilk (250ml) | 98.0 | 8.0 | 12 | 2.0 |
| Ricotta cheese (part skimmed) | 38.3 | 3.13 | 1.3 | 2.24 |
| Yogurt (plain fat-free) | 15.8 | 1.6 | 2.1 | trace |
| Cheddar Cheese (reduced fat) | 54.8 | 7.8 | 1.1 | 2.2 |
| Swiss Cheese (reduced fat) | 56.0 | 8.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| Skimmed Milk(250ml) | 86 | 8.0 | 12 | trace |
| Cottage Cheese (2%) | 25.0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 1 |
Nuts, Seeds, and Oils (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Almonds | 183 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 15.6 |
| Almond Butter (1 tbsp) | 101 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 9.5 |
| Canola oil (1 tbsp) | 124 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14 |
| Flaxseeds (1 tbsp) | 59 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 |
| Olive Oil (1 tbsp) | 119 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14 |
| Peanut butter | 96 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 8.5 |
| Peanuts (dry roasted) | 186 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 15.6 |
| Walnuts | 207 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 21.2 |
Grains, Breads, and Pasta (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagel, plain (1 small-3”) | 190 | 7 | 37 | 1 |
| Barley, pearl (cooked) | 33.7 | 7 | 7.7 | 0.1 |
| Bran Muffin (1 small) | 178 | 5 | 32 | 5 |
| Brown Rice (cooked) | 31.1 | 0.7 | 6.4 | 0.2 |
| Corn, tortilla (1) | 58 | 2 | 12 | 1 |
| Couscous (cooked) | 30.8 | 1 | 6.4 | trace |
| Crumpet (1) | 134 | 4 | 26 | 1 |
| Flour, tortilla (8”dia) | 146 | 4 | 25 | 3 |
| Macaroni (wholewheat) | 39.3 | 1.4 | 8 | 0.2 |
| Oatmeal (cooked) | 17.2 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.2 |
| Rye bread (1 slice) | 83 | 3.0 | 16 | 1.0 |
| Sourdough Bread (1 slice) | 88 | 3.0 | 17 | 1.0 |
| Spaghetti (wholewheat) (cooked) | 39.3 | 1.4 | 8.0 | 0.2 |
| Wheatgerm (1tbsp) | 26 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 0.5 |
| White rice (cooked) | 31 | 0.6 | 6.8 | trace |
| Wholegrain Cereal | 84 | 2.0 | 21.4 | 0.9 |
| Wholegrain Crackers (5) | 90 | 2.0 | 14 | 3.0 |
| Wholemeal Bread (1 slice) | 73 | 3.0 | 13 | 1 |
| Wholemeal Pitta (1) | 170 | 6.0 | 35 | 2.0 |
| Wholemeal Pretzels | 115 | 3.3 | 21.4 | 0.9 |
| Wild Rice (cooked) | 28.1 | 1.1 | 5.9 | 0.1 |
Fruits (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apple 1 (med) | 72 | trace | 19 | trace |
| Apricots (3) | 50 | 2.0 | 12 | trace |
| Avocado (1/4) | 80 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 7.0 |
| Banana (1 med) | 105 | 1.0 | 30 | trace |
| Blueberries | 50.6 | 0.1 | 3.9 | trace |
| Cantaloupe | 9.4 | 0.1 | 2.2 | trace |
| Cherries (tart) | 14 | 0.3 | 3.4 | trace |
| Grapefruit (1/2 Medium) | 41 | 1.0 | 10 | trace |
| Grape Juice (100 ml) | 45.2 | trace | 19 | trace |
| Grapes (seedless) | 20 | 0.1 | 5.4 | trace |
| Melon (cubed) Honeydew | 10 | 0.1 | 5.4 | trace |
| Mango (cubes) | 18 | 0.1 | 4.7 | trace |
| Nectarine (1 medium) | 60 | 1.0 | 14 | trace |
| Orange (1 navel) | 69 | 1.0 | 18 | trace |
| Orange Juice (100ml) | 44.8 | 0.8 | 26 | trace |
| Papaya (cubes) | 10.9 | 0.1 | 2.8 | trace |
| Peach (1 med) | 38 | 1.0 | 9.0 | trace |
| Pear (1 med) | 96 | 1.0 | 26 | trace |
| Pineapple (cubes) | 13.3 | 1.0 | 20 | trace |
| Plum (1) | 30 | Trace | 8.0 | trace |
| Raisins (loose) | 86.3 | 0.7 | 23 | trace |
| Raspberries | 14.3 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 0.1 |
| Strawberries | 9.1 | 0.1 | 2.2 | trace |
| Watermelon (cubes) | 8.5 | 0.1 | 2.2 | trace |
Legumes (per ounce, 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lima Beans (baby) | 33.8 | 2.0 | 6.1 | trace |
| Black Beans | 36.8 | 2.3 | 6.5 | trace |
| Chickpeas | 46.9 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 0.7 |
| Kidney beans | 34 | 2.4 | 8.0 | trace |
| Lentils (cooked) | 32 | 2.5 | 5.6 | trace |
| Tofu (raw) | 45 | 4.9 | 1.1 | 2.5 |
| Soya beans (cooked) | 79 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 3.1 |
| Split Peas (cooked) | 32.4 | 2.2 | 5.8 | trace |
Vegetables (per ounce. 28g)
| Food | Calories | Protein(g) | Carbs(g) | Fat(g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Artichokes (1 medium) | 60 | 4.0 | 13 | trace |
| Asparagus (4 large spears) | 16 | 2.0 | 3.0 | trace |
| Aubergine (cubed) | 7.0 | trace | 1.4 | trace |
| Beats (sliced cooked) | 2.35 | 0.8 | 2.8 | trace |
| Broccoli (florets raw) | 7.7 | 0.6 | 1.2 | trace |
| Brussels sprouts | 10 | 1.2 | 2.0 | trace |
| Butternut squash | 11.5 | 0.3 | 3.0 | trace |
| Cabbage (shredded) | 6.8 | 0.4 | 1.6 | trace |
| Carrot (1 large) | 30 | 1.0 | 7 | trace |
| Cauliflower | 7.0 | 0.5 | 2.0 | trace |
| Chinese cabbage (cooked) | 3.3 | 0.5 | .05 | trace |
| Collard greens (chopped) | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0.3 | trace |
| Corn, kernels | 22 | 1.0. | 5.0 | 0.3 |
| Courgette (chopped) | 5.0 | 0.4 | 0.9 | trace |
| Cucumber (sliced) | 4.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | trace |
| Garlic (1 clove) | 5.0 | trace | 1.0 | trace |
| Green beans | 3.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 | trace |
| Green peas (raw) | 24 | 1.6 | 4.3 | trace |
| Kale (chopped) | 6.5 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
| Mushrooms (sliced) | 6.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | trace |
| Onion (chopped) | 11.5 | 0.3 | 2.8 | trace |
| Pepper (green) Chopped | 5.6 | 0.2 | 1.3 | trace |
| Potato (1 med) Baked | 161 | 4.0 | 37 | trace |
| Potato (boiled) | 24 | 0.0 | 6.0 | 0.0 |
| Potato (mashed with milk) | 23 | 1.0 | 5.0 | 0.0 |
| Pumpkin (fresh) | 5.6 | 0.2 | 1.2 | trace |
| Romaine lettuce (shredded) | 6.2 | 0.6 | 1.2 | trace |
| Spinach | 7.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | trace |
| Sweet potato 1 med, baked) | 103 | 2.0 | 24 | trace |
| Tomato (1 lge) | 33 | 2.0 | 7.0 | trace |
| Tomato juice (100ml) | 16 | 0.8 | 4.0 | trace |
Supplements for Bodybuilding Diets
It’s not always easy to gain all the right nutrition and calories for your body building from your diet alone.
Your time may be too limited to be cooking large and healthy meals between your workouts, job, and training sessions.
So if you struggle with eating the right amount of nutrients, there are supplements that can help you in the journey of bodybuilding diets.
Whey Protein
Providing your body with the recommended 0.6-1.2 grams of protein per lbs can be hard to obtain from high protein foods alone. So if you are going to add any supplement to your bodybuilding diet, start with Whey Protein. WP has gained popularity amongst bodybuilders and athletes (and in the fitness world) for years and not without purpose.
Whey protein is a milk protein that has been isolated from whey. It is a fast-digesting complete protein source containing all of the essential amino acids, making it extremely useful to consume after a workout or upon waking in the morning for breakfast.
Whey protein can come in 3 different forms: isolate, concentrate and hydrolysates.
WP Isolate is considered the purest form of whey protein. It contains between 90-95% of WP (one of the most high-protein forms). Concentrate has a lower amount of protein (25-89%) making it a less pure form of WP. Last but not least Hydrolysates is a form of WP that has been treated enzymatically to break down long proteins into short proteins (making it easier for the body to absorb).
If you are going for a supplement to recover from your weight training and help you meet your diets protein needs, we recommend to choose a highly rated whey protein from a trustworthy and established brand.2
Creatine
Creatine is a natural substance that after consumption turns into creatine phosphate in our body. Creatine phosphate is then turned into a substance called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), which helps to provide energy for your muscles.3
It is being produced by the body itself but can also be found in high-protein foods like meat and fish. Besides eating meat and fish, creatine is a great supplement for your bodybuilding diet. It has positive effects on strength, power and lean muscle tissue.
This supplement is very easy to consume, you can add it in your pre or post-workout shake, smoothie or even in a cup of fruit juice. Whether it is more beneficial to take this muscle building supplement before or after your workout is not completely clear as of yet.4 So our advice is to take it at whatever time of day best fits your lifestyle.
Omega 3 Fish Oil
Another supplement that can be a great addition to your meal plan is omega 3 fish oil. Eating fatty fish (like salmon) has proven to have many health benefits for our body, but due to the fact that seafood can be expensive, sometimes it is a better choice to get your pure and concentrated fish oil from supplemental form.
But what does adding these omega 3 fatty acids to your diet do for your muscle growth?
Fish oil has also been proven to reduce stiffness in your joints, improve blood flow, and enhance recovery – meaning more productive workouts and a longer gym-longevity for you as a bodybuilder.5
This makes omega 3 fish oil a very useful supplement for your body, weight training and as addition to your bodybuilding diet.
References
- Per meal dose and frequency of protein consumption is associated with lean mass and muscle performance.
- Hulmi, J. J., Lockwood, C., & Stout, J. (2010). Effect of protein/essential amino acids and resistance training on skeletal muscle hypertrophy: A case for whey protein . Nutrition & Metabolism , 7 (51).
- Kreider RB, Leutholtz BC & Greenwood M. Creatine. Nutritional Ergogenic Aids. CRC Press LLC: Boca Raton, FL, 2004, p 81-104
- Antonio J, Ciccone V. The effects of pre versus post workout supplementation of creatine monohydrate on body composition and strength. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013;10:36.
- The effects of fish oil and isoflavones on delayed onset muscle soreness.
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